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  1. Timbuktu
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    Timbuktu (/ ˌtɪmbʌkˈtuː / TIM-buk-TOO; French: Tombouctou; Koyra Chiini: Tumbutu; Tuareg: ⵜⵏⵀⵗⵜ, romanized: Tin Bukt) is an ancient city in Mali, situated 20 kilometres (12 miles) north of the Niger River. It is the capital of the Tombouctou Region, one of the eight administrative regions of Mali, having a population of 54,453 in the 2009 census.
    Timbuktu is a city in Mali, in West Africa, that was founded 1,800 years ago. During Europe’s Middle Ages, it was home to a rich writing tradition that saw the creation of millions of manuscripts, hundreds of thousands of which survive to present day.
    Timbuktu, city in the western African country of Mali, historically important as a trading post on the trans-Saharan caravan route and as a center of Islamic culture (c. 1400–1600). It is located on the southern edge of the Sahara, about 8 miles (13 km) north of the Niger River.
     
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    Timbuktu - Wikipedia

    Timbuktu is an ancient city in Mali, situated 20 kilometres (12 miles) north of the Niger River. It is the capital of the Tombouctou Region, one of the eight administrative regions of Mali, having a population of 54,453 in the 2009 census. Archaeological evidence suggests prehistoric settlements in the region, predating … See more

    Over the centuries, the spelling of Timbuktu has varied a great deal: from Tenbuch on the Catalan Atlas (1375), to traveller Antonio Malfante's Thambet, used in a letter he wrote in 1447 and also adopted by See more

    Geography image
    Arts and culture image

    Timbuktu has become a household reference as a faraway, mysterious place, but the city itself was once a world-renowned trade powerhouse, as well as an academic hotspot of … See more

    Salt trade
    The wealth and very existence of Timbuktu depended on its position as the southern terminus of an important trans-Saharan trade route; … See more

    The mosques
    Situated on the northern edge of the Niger Delta, Timbuktu is at the crossroads of the Saharan trade routes and the River Niger. Founded in 1100 by … See more

    Overview image

    Like other important Medieval West African towns such as Djenné (Jenné-Jeno), Gao, and Dia, Iron Age settlements have been discovered near Timbuktu that predate the traditional … See more

    Timbuktu is located on the southern edge of the Sahara 15 km (9+1⁄2 mi) north of the main channel of the River Niger. The town is surrounded by … See more

    Tales of Timbuktu's fabulous wealth helped prompt European exploration of the west coast of Africa. Among the most famous descriptions of Timbuktu are those of Leo Africanus and Shabeni.
    Leo Africanus
    Perhaps most … See more

     
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  4. Timbuktu | History, Map, Population, & Facts | Britannica

    WEBAug 21, 2024 · Timbuktu, city in the western African country of Mali, historically important as a trading post on the trans-Saharan caravan …

  5. Mali Empire - Wikipedia

  6. Timbuktu - World History Encyclopedia

    WEBFeb 22, 2019 · Timbuktu is a city located near the Niger River in modern-day Mali in West Africa. The area around Timbuktu has been inhabited since …

  7. The Mali Empire - National Geographic Society

    WEBOct 19, 2023 · The pivotal battle of Kirina was fought here in 1235 C.E. From the 13th to 17th century, West Africa was home to the great Mali Empire. …

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    • A Guide to Timbuktu, Mali - National Geographic

      WEBJul 25, 2018 · Perched on the edge of the Sahara, this West African city was a center of religion and scholarship for centuries. Get facts, photos, and travel tips for Timbuktu, a World Heritage site in...

    • Timbuktu: Historical Center of Learning | Live Science

      WEBJan 21, 2013 · Timbuktu is a city in Mali, in West Africa, that was founded 1,800 years ago. During Europe’s Middle Ages, it was home to a rich writing tradition that saw the creation of millions of...

    • Timbuktu - History and Facts | History Hit

      WEBJul 23, 2021 · Timbuktu is an historic city in Mali which was once a centre of trade, religion and culture, although it is today thought of as inaccessible and even mythical, thanks to phrases such as “from here to Timbuktu”.

    • The Golden Age of Timbuktu - JSTOR Daily

      WEBJun 25, 2015 · While Europeans struggled with a minor ice age and the bubonic plague, they dreamt of streets lined with gold in Timbuktu. The city was a sort of African El Dorado, hidden somewhere south of the Sahara. …

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